ICM Calculator

Use this ICM calculator to convert tournament chip stacks into real-money equity based on payout structures, remaining players, and chip stacks. The Independent Chip Model (ICM) helps poker players make mathematically optimal decisions in high-pressure situations like the bubble and final table.

Calculate tournament equity instantly
Adjust for stack sizes and payout structure
Improve shove, call, and fold decisions

What is ICM in Poker?
The Independent Chip Model (ICM) is a mathematical model used in poker tournaments to estimate a player’s share of the prize pool based on their chip stack relative to other players.

Unlike cash games, tournament chips do not have a linear value. This means doubling your stack does not double your expected winnings. ICM accounts for this by factoring in payout structures and the probability of finishing in each position.

How This ICM Calculator Works
This calculator converts chip stacks into Expected Value (EV) by simulating how often each player finishes in each payout position.

To use it effectively, input:

Each player’s chip stack
The tournament payout structure

The calculator then outputs each player’s equity as a percentage of the total prize pool.

When Should You Use ICM?
ICM is most important in high-leverage tournament situations, including:

The bubble - when one player remains before payouts begin
Final tables - where payout jumps are significant
Short-handed play - where each decision has larger impact

In these spots, correct ICM decisions can dramatically increase your long-term tournament ROI.

ICM Strategy Tips
Understanding ICM leads to better strategic adjustments:

Play tighter when calling all-ins near the bubble
Apply pressure as a big stack against medium stacks
Avoid marginal spots when survival has significant value
Recognize payout jumps before making aggressive plays

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Current File : /opt/bitnami/apps/wordpress/wp-includes/class-wp-speculation-rules.php

<?php
/**
 * Class 'WP_Speculation_Rules'.
 *
 * @package WordPress
 * @subpackage Speculative Loading
 * @since 6.8.0
 */

/**
 * Class representing a set of speculation rules.
 *
 * @since 6.8.0
 * @access private
 */
final class WP_Speculation_Rules implements JsonSerializable {

	/**
	 * Stored rules, as a map of `$mode => $rules` pairs.
	 *
	 * Every `$rules` value is a map of `$id => $rule` pairs.
	 *
	 * @since 6.8.0
	 * @var array<string, array<string, mixed>>
	 */
	private $rules_by_mode = array();

	/**
	 * The allowed speculation rules modes as a map, used for validation.
	 *
	 * @since 6.8.0
	 * @var array<string, bool>
	 */
	private static $mode_allowlist = array(
		'prefetch'  => true,
		'prerender' => true,
	);

	/**
	 * The allowed speculation rules eagerness levels as a map, used for validation.
	 *
	 * @since 6.8.0
	 * @var array<string, bool>
	 */
	private static $eagerness_allowlist = array(
		'immediate'    => true,
		'eager'        => true,
		'moderate'     => true,
		'conservative' => true,
	);

	/**
	 * The allowed speculation rules sources as a map, used for validation.
	 *
	 * @since 6.8.0
	 * @var array<string, bool>
	 */
	private static $source_allowlist = array(
		'list'     => true,
		'document' => true,
	);

	/**
	 * Adds a speculation rule to the speculation rules to consider.
	 *
	 * @since 6.8.0
	 *
	 * @param string               $mode Speculative loading mode. Either 'prefetch' or 'prerender'.
	 * @param string               $id   Unique string identifier for the speculation rule.
	 * @param array<string, mixed> $rule Associative array of rule arguments.
	 * @return bool True on success, false if invalid parameters are provided.
	 */
	public function add_rule( string $mode, string $id, array $rule ): bool {
		if ( ! self::is_valid_mode( $mode ) ) {
			_doing_it_wrong(
				__METHOD__,
				sprintf(
					/* translators: %s: invalid mode value */
					__( 'The value "%s" is not a valid speculation rules mode.' ),
					esc_html( $mode )
				),
				'6.8.0'
			);
			return false;
		}

		if ( ! $this->is_valid_id( $id ) ) {
			_doing_it_wrong(
				__METHOD__,
				sprintf(
					/* translators: %s: invalid ID value */
					__( 'The value "%s" is not a valid ID for a speculation rule.' ),
					esc_html( $id )
				),
				'6.8.0'
			);
			return false;
		}

		if ( $this->has_rule( $mode, $id ) ) {
			_doing_it_wrong(
				__METHOD__,
				sprintf(
					/* translators: %s: invalid ID value */
					__( 'A speculation rule with ID "%s" already exists.' ),
					esc_html( $id )
				),
				'6.8.0'
			);
			return false;
		}

		/*
		 * Perform some basic speculation rule validation.
		 * Every rule must have either a 'where' key or a 'urls' key, but not both.
		 * The presence of a 'where' key implies a 'source' of 'document', while the presence of a 'urls' key implies
		 * a 'source' of 'list'.
		 */
		if (
			( ! isset( $rule['where'] ) && ! isset( $rule['urls'] ) ) ||
			( isset( $rule['where'] ) && isset( $rule['urls'] ) )
		) {
			_doing_it_wrong(
				__METHOD__,
				sprintf(
					/* translators: 1: allowed key, 2: alternative allowed key */
					__( 'A speculation rule must include either a "%1$s" key or a "%2$s" key, but not both.' ),
					'where',
					'urls'
				),
				'6.8.0'
			);
			return false;
		}
		if ( isset( $rule['source'] ) ) {
			if ( ! self::is_valid_source( $rule['source'] ) ) {
				_doing_it_wrong(
					__METHOD__,
					sprintf(
						/* translators: %s: invalid source value */
						__( 'The value "%s" is not a valid source for a speculation rule.' ),
						esc_html( $rule['source'] )
					),
					'6.8.0'
				);
				return false;
			}

			if ( 'list' === $rule['source'] && isset( $rule['where'] ) ) {
				_doing_it_wrong(
					__METHOD__,
					sprintf(
						/* translators: 1: source value, 2: forbidden key */
						__( 'A speculation rule of source "%1$s" must not include a "%2$s" key.' ),
						'list',
						'where'
					),
					'6.8.0'
				);
				return false;
			}

			if ( 'document' === $rule['source'] && isset( $rule['urls'] ) ) {
				_doing_it_wrong(
					__METHOD__,
					sprintf(
						/* translators: 1: source value, 2: forbidden key */
						__( 'A speculation rule of source "%1$s" must not include a "%2$s" key.' ),
						'document',
						'urls'
					),
					'6.8.0'
				);
				return false;
			}
		}

		// If there is an 'eagerness' key specified, make sure it's valid.
		if ( isset( $rule['eagerness'] ) ) {
			if ( ! self::is_valid_eagerness( $rule['eagerness'] ) ) {
				_doing_it_wrong(
					__METHOD__,
					sprintf(
						/* translators: %s: invalid eagerness value */
						__( 'The value "%s" is not a valid eagerness for a speculation rule.' ),
						esc_html( $rule['eagerness'] )
					),
					'6.8.0'
				);
				return false;
			}

			if ( isset( $rule['where'] ) && 'immediate' === $rule['eagerness'] ) {
				_doing_it_wrong(
					__METHOD__,
					sprintf(
						/* translators: %s: forbidden eagerness value */
						__( 'The eagerness value "%s" is forbidden for document-level speculation rules.' ),
						'immediate'
					),
					'6.8.0'
				);
				return false;
			}
		}

		if ( ! isset( $this->rules_by_mode[ $mode ] ) ) {
			$this->rules_by_mode[ $mode ] = array();
		}

		$this->rules_by_mode[ $mode ][ $id ] = $rule;
		return true;
	}

	/**
	 * Checks whether a speculation rule for the given mode and ID already exists.
	 *
	 * @since 6.8.0
	 *
	 * @param string $mode Speculative loading mode. Either 'prefetch' or 'prerender'.
	 * @param string $id   Unique string identifier for the speculation rule.
	 * @return bool True if the rule already exists, false otherwise.
	 */
	public function has_rule( string $mode, string $id ): bool {
		return isset( $this->rules_by_mode[ $mode ][ $id ] );
	}

	/**
	 * Returns the speculation rules data ready to be JSON-encoded.
	 *
	 * @since 6.8.0
	 *
	 * @return array<string, array<string, mixed>> Speculation rules data.
	 */
	#[ReturnTypeWillChange]
	public function jsonSerialize() {
		// Strip the IDs for JSON output, since they are not relevant for the Speculation Rules API.
		return array_map(
			static function ( array $rules ) {
				return array_values( $rules );
			},
			array_filter( $this->rules_by_mode )
		);
	}

	/**
	 * Checks whether the given ID is valid.
	 *
	 * @since 6.8.0
	 *
	 * @param string $id Unique string identifier for the speculation rule.
	 * @return bool True if the ID is valid, false otherwise.
	 */
	private function is_valid_id( string $id ): bool {
		return (bool) preg_match( '/^[a-z][a-z0-9_-]+$/', $id );
	}

	/**
	 * Checks whether the given speculation rules mode is valid.
	 *
	 * @since 6.8.0
	 *
	 * @param string $mode Speculation rules mode.
	 * @return bool True if valid, false otherwise.
	 */
	public static function is_valid_mode( string $mode ): bool {
		return isset( self::$mode_allowlist[ $mode ] );
	}

	/**
	 * Checks whether the given speculation rules eagerness is valid.
	 *
	 * @since 6.8.0
	 *
	 * @param string $eagerness Speculation rules eagerness.
	 * @return bool True if valid, false otherwise.
	 */
	public static function is_valid_eagerness( string $eagerness ): bool {
		return isset( self::$eagerness_allowlist[ $eagerness ] );
	}

	/**
	 * Checks whether the given speculation rules source is valid.
	 *
	 * @since 6.8.0
	 *
	 * @param string $source Speculation rules source.
	 * @return bool True if valid, false otherwise.
	 */
	public static function is_valid_source( string $source ): bool {
		return isset( self::$source_allowlist[ $source ] );
	}
}

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